Ọrụ Dị Mkpa nke Silica (SiO2) na E-Glass

Silica (SiO2) na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na nchekwa iheE-glass, na-akpụ isi ihe maka ihe onwunwe ya niile dị mma. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ dị mfe, silica bụ "network form" ma ọ bụ "skeleton" nke E-glass. Enwere ike kewaa ọrụ ya kpọmkwem n'ime mpaghara ndị a:

1. Nhazi nke Nhazi Netwọkụ Glass (Ọrụ Isi)

Nke a bụ ọrụ kachasị mkpa nke silica. Silica bụ oxide na-akpụ iko n'onwe ya. A na-ejikọ SiO4 tetrahedra ya na ibe ya site na ijikọ atọm oxygen, na-emepụta usoro netwọk atọ na-aga n'ihu, siri ike, na nke na-enweghị usoro.

• Ihe atụ:Nke a dị ka ọkpụkpụ ígwè nke ụlọ a na-ewu. Silica bụ isi ihe owuwu maka usoro iko dum, ebe ihe ndị ọzọ (dịka calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, boron oxide, wdg) bụ ihe ndị na-ejupụta ma ọ bụ gbanwee ọkpụkpụ a iji gbanwee arụmọrụ.
• Na-enweghị ọkpụkpụ silica a, enweghị ike ịmepụta ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe nke nwere iko.

2. Inye Ọrụ Mkpuchi Ọkụ Eletriki Dị Mma

• Nnukwu Nguzogide Ọkụ Eletriki:Silica n'onwe ya nwere obere ngagharị ion, njikọ kemịkalụ (Si-O bond) kwụsiri ike ma sie ike, nke na-eme ka ọ sie ike ịhazi ion. Netwọk na-aga n'ihu ọ na-emepụta na-egbochi mmegharị nke chajị eletriki nke ukwuu, na-enye E-glass nnukwu iguzogide olu na iguzogide elu.
• Mfu Dielectric dị ala na obere Dielectric:Njirimara dielectric nke E-glass na-adịgide nke ukwuu n'oge dị elu na okpomọkụ dị elu. Nke a bụ isi n'ihi nhazi na nkwụsi ike nke usoro netwọk SiO2, nke na-ebute obere ọkwa nke polarization na obere mfu ike (ntụgharị gaa na okpomọkụ) na mpaghara eletriki ugboro ugboro dị elu. Nke a na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka iji ya dị ka ihe nkwado na bọọdụ sekit eletrọniki (PCBs) na ihe mkpuchi voltaji dị elu.

3. Iji hụ na kemịkalụ dị mma kwụsiri ike

E-glass na-egosi ezigbo iguzogide mmiri, asịd (ma e wezụga hydrofluoric na phosphoric acid dị ọkụ), na kemịkalụ.

• Elu na-adịghị arụ ọrụ:Netwọk Si-O-Si dị oke ukwuu nwere obere ọrụ kemịkalụ ma ọ naghị emeghachi omume ngwa ngwa na mmiri ma ọ bụ ion H+. Ya mere, iguzogide hydrolysis ya na iguzogide acid dị mma nke ukwuu. Nke a na-eme ka ihe mejupụtara nke eriri E-glass kwadoro nọgide na-arụ ọrụ ha ruo ogologo oge, ọbụlagodi na gburugburu ebe siri ike.

4. Ntinye aka na Ike Igwe Dị Elu

Ọ bụ ezie na ike ikpeazụ nkeeriri ikoihe ndị dị ka ntụpọ elu na obere mgbawa na-emetụtakwa nke ukwuu, ike ozizi ha sitere na njikọ siri ike nke Si-O covalent na nhazi netwọk atọ.

• Ike Njikọ Dị Elu:Ike njikọ nke njikọ Si-O dị oke elu, nke na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ iko ahụ sie ike nke ukwuu, na-enye eriri ahụ ike dị elu na modulus na-agbanwe agbanwe.

5. Inye Njirimara Okpomọkụ Kachasị Mma

• Ọnụọgụ Mgbasawanye Okpomọkụ Dị Ala:Silica n'onwe ya nwere obere oke nke mgbasawanye okpomọkụ. Ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-eje ozi dị ka ọkpụkpụ bụ isi, E-glass nwekwara obere oke mgbasawanye okpomọkụ. Nke a pụtara na ọ nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike n'oge mgbanwe okpomọkụ ma ọ naghị akpata oke nrụgide n'ihi mgbasawanye okpomọkụ na mkpụkọ.
• Ebe Dị Mfe Dị Elu:Ebe agbaze silica dị oke elu (ihe dị ka 1723∘C). Ọ bụ ezie na mgbakwunye nke oxide ndị ọzọ na-agbaze na-ebelata okpomọkụ agbaze ikpeazụ nke iko E, isi SiO2 ya ka na-eme ka iko ahụ nwee ebe dị nro nke ọma na nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ iji mezuo ihe achọrọ nke ọtụtụ ngwa.

N'ihe nkịtịE-glassihe mejupụtara ya, ọdịnaya silica na-abụkarị 52%−56% (site na ibu), nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu ihe mejupụtara oxide kachasị. Ọ na-akọwapụta ihe ndị bụ isi nke iko ahụ.

Nkewa Ọrụ n'etiti Oxides na E-glass:

• SiO2(Silikasi): Ọkpụkpụ isi; na-enye nkwụsi ike n'ihe owuwu, mkpuchi eletriki, ike kemịkalụ, na ike.
• Al2O3(Alumina): Netwọk inyeaka mbụ na stabilizer; na-eme ka ike kemịkalụ dịkwuo elu, ike igwe, ma na-ebelata ọchịchọ nkewapụ.
• B2O3(Boron Oxide): Ihe na-agbanwe mgbanwe na ihe onwunwe; na-ebelata okpomọkụ agbaze nke ukwuu (ichekwa ike) ebe ọ na-eme ka ihe ndị dị na okpomọkụ na eletriki dịkwuo mma.
• CaO/MgO(Calcium Oxide/Magnesium Oxide): Mgbagharị na ihe na-eme ka ihe kwụsie ike; na-enyere aka n'ịgbaze ma na-agbanwe ike kemịkalụ na njirimara nkewapụ.